Les gusta irse de vacaciones a las Bahamas. ¿Recuerdas aquella vez que estuvimos de vacaciones en Vermont? They include -ción (usually the equivalent of "-tion"), -sión, -ía (usually the equivalent of "-y," although not in the diminutive sense), -za, -dad (often used like "-ty"), and -itis ("-itis"). But if you want to talk about the person who delivers your mail, you’ll talk about a cartero or a cartera, depending on his or her gender. For example, la foto (photograph) is feminine because it's short for la fotografía. ¿Cuántas clases faltan para las vacaciones? "Is That Noun Masculine or Feminine?" #RAEconsultas Although «vacaciones» is the majority use, the singular «vacación» is also correct: «la vacación veraniega» (P. Laín Entralgo). Mano, Día, Other Words That Break Spanish's Gender Rule - ThoughtCo Fast, easy, reliable language certification, 35,000+ worksheets, games, and lesson plans. Despite the many exceptions noted above, a great majority of Spanish words that end in -a are feminine. Erichsen, Gerald. las vacaciones de Navidad, las vacaciones de Pascua, las vacaciones de verano. By clicking on any word, you can see a breakdown of its grammar, definition, example sentences and other videos where you can hear the word used with the same meaning. Languages are masculine: el español, el inglés, el portugués, el mandarín, el ruso, etc. Nouns ending with -dez and -umbre are usually feminine, too: la solidez, la desnudez, la costumbre, la incertidumbre, etc. (relating to television) a. de televisión. Generally, if the masculine form ends with an -o, to form the feminine you just need to replace it with an -a: If the masculine form ends witn a consonant, to form the feminine we just add an -a: They usually have the same form for masculine and feminine: el/la estudiante, el/la cantante, el/la agente, el/la paciente, etc. Did we talk about anything in this article that you’re still uncertain about? Months and days of the week are masculine. FluentU is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. I can help you with that! There are some other exceptions that also follow rules. Learn how to use the Spanish sentence "Una hamburguesa, por favor." ("A burger, please.") by discussing it with the Duolingo community. Not everything associated with a male will automatically be masculine, nor everything associated with a female will automatically be feminine—only distinct living creatures fall under this categorization. Talking about people, especially family members, often includes referring to gender. It was quite common to spend the summer vacations at the parents' place, helping them with household tasks. La disco is short for la discoteca, and la foto is short for la fotografía. ThoughtCo, Apr. 9 Must-know Rules To Master Gender in Spanish, 3. "A burger, please." - Duolingo Here we will explain the rules, and then the 3 categories of exceptions: Below are a number of words you would think should be “la” according to the rules above, but they are “el”, as they are exceptions to the el/la rules. Master Spanish Numbers From 1 to 100 and Beyond! Days and months are masculine: el lunes, el miércoles, el sábado, este abril, ese enero, etc. For example. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Summer is the time of family vacations and warm weather. But the good news is, native speakers will still understand you if you get the gender wrong. El cura — the priest Nouns that end in –sión, –ción, –dad, –tud and –umbre will always require the feminine article. I can help you with that! All nouns in Spanish have a gender, and are either feminine or masculine. The idea here is that words that end in any of the letters L-O-N-E-R-S tend to be masculine. For many other adjectives, the same ending expresses the masculine and feminine forms . Mi padres pasaron las vacaciones de Semana Santa en Argentina. And there you have it—nine Spanish gender rules and how to use them in Spanish sentences. All rights reserved. Every noun in Spanish is either masculine or feminine.. You can tell which one it is by looking at the Spanish articles el (masculine) or la (feminine). Compound nouns formed by following a verb with a noun are masculine. Browse Spanish translations from Spain, Mexico, or any other Spanish-speaking country. Don't let this frighten you, but we have a total of . Exceptions to the a-is-feminine-o-is-masculine rule fall into six categories: Here are the most common words violating the a/o rule, although there are dozens of others: Most words that refer to people's jobs or roles, many ending in -ista or -eta, that can be either masculine or feminine are not listed above. The grammatical gender is an arbitrary classification that divides nouns into two types: masculines or feminines. vacation in Spanish - Cambridge Dictionary There are some questions we'll never really know the answer to. In Spanish, verbs don't match the gender of the noun, but in Russian, past tense verbs do match the noun's gender. Lessons for Adults & Kids. Why is a car masculine but a house feminine? Estás muy estresado; necesitas irte de vacaciones. vacaciones. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. When they refer to professions, words ending with -ista have the same form for masculine and feminine: el/la dentista, el/la artista, el/la periodista, el/la pianista. One example is the adjective rojo, which means “red.” As you can see, it appears as rojo, ja, to show you both endings. We won’t be able to use a noun correctly without its corresponding article. For example, the application developer may write a rule stating that each. Everything we’ve ever written about Spanish, all in one place. The most common structure for nouns in Spanish is (article) + noun + (adjective), so we're going to follow this structure and talk about Spanish article gender rules first. Spanish Grammar: Figuring Out Grammatical Gender - Babbel.com In English, there are two articles, which are “the” and “a(n),” but Spanish has a few more. We admit that it does sound a little scary at first. Note that many words have definitions in addition to those listed: Nouns ending in certain suffixes are usually feminine. Now, how is the Spanish language affected by gender? One way to remember this is that letra is feminine while número is masculine. Add vacation to one of your lists below, or create a new one. Collins Complete Spanish Electronic Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers 2011. I hope this helps. Lingua Linkup. Otherwise, it would sound like laaagua. Many adjectives of nationalities in Spanish vary their masculine and feminine form by changing the endings. c. holidays (plural) (United Kingdom) For example, the application developer may write a rule stating that each, The only exception to the weekly sampling rate occurred between sessions 11 and 12 when the family took a two-week. Yes, eight. We know that learning gender in Spanish isn’t easy, but it’s very important. Ending in an a indicates that a person or animal is female or that an object, idea, etc. Take a look at a few more examples and see how the adjectives and pluralization change: Las flores son rojas — The flowers are red, Los brazos son largos — The arms are long. Other masculine words that don’t end in -o are those that end in -or, such as el color (“the color” ) or el humor (“the humor” ). All adjectives change when it comes to number, so when the noun next to it is in the plural form, the adjective will need an -s at the end (or -es sometimes). For Spanish sentences to be grammatically correct, everything must match the gender and quantity of the noun—which means adjectives and articles have to become either plural, singular, masculine or feminine depending on the noun. Spanish Vacation Nouns 1. el recuerdo (the souvenir) 2. el regalo (the present, the gift) 3. el billete de ida y vuelta (the round-trip ticket) 4. la maleta (the suitcase, the bag) 5. el pasaporte (the passport) 6. el DNI (ID card) 7. el turista (the tourist, the vacationer) 8. el paisaje (the landscape) 9. el avión (the plane) Quick Answer All Spanish nouns ( sustantivos ), including people, places, animals, things, ideas, and feelings, have a gender (male or female). All Spanish nouns (sustantivos), including people, places, animals, things, ideas, and feelings, have a gender (male or female). That means that every noun has one gender or the other, and that the words around it (which are articles, adjectives, and sometimes, pronouns) must match that gender. Terms of Service apply. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. However, the gender in Spanish language can be really tricky sometimes. Instead, they adopt the gender of the nouns they’re describing. The following words are feminine when plural, but when they are singular, these words are masculine: Another exception is that the “el” or “la” can change the context of the word: Online Spanish Tutors - Native Speakers. This is why we’re about to teach you all you need to know about gender in Spanish. For example, apples (manzanas) are feminine in Spanish, so this word must be used with feminine articles like la, las, and una. Is vacation singular in Spanish? - Pleasefireme.com I desperately need a vacation! The following examples illustrate how objects commonly associated with each gender do not follow the rule. Masculine nouns that end in consonants (non-vowels) have a corresponding feminine form that ends in a. El profesor — the male professor Of course, there are thousands of nouns out, which can make memorizing their genders seem impossible. Rules for Noun Genders in Spanish. For those interested in a little history, masculine Spanish nouns that end in -ta, -pa and -ma tend to come from Greek originally. Words that are shortened versions of other words. Vacación | Spanish to English Translation - SpanishDict In the case of adjectives, it always shows first the masculine form, and then the ending of the feminine form. 3. Masculine and feminine in Spanish: the definitive guide! A lot of irregular forms happen among farm animals, for the same reason that English has a different word for “cow” and “bull.” The gender affects their role on the farm, so having different words comes in handy. You are too stressed out; you should go on holiday. The L cuts that unpleasant sound: el agua. Words that end in 'o' are masculine." While some of these exceptions just have to be memorized, you can scroll up and see that a lot of exceptions have their own rules in the -ta, -ma and -pa section. Plus, most nouns that end in -o are masculine and most that end in -a are feminine. We could say some of these genders make more sense than others. Let’s focus on nouns properly this time. Demonstrative Adjectives Spanish | SpanishDict If you liked this post, you can share it with someone else who might find it helpful! 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">. Don’t let this frighten you, but we have a total of eight articles. These include -aje (usually the equivalent of "-age"), -ambre, and -or. Nouns that refer to people and animals have two forms. Most feminine nouns end in a. The only exception to the weekly sampling rate occurred between sessions 11 and 12 when the family took a two-week. Or do you feel much more confident with Spanish noun genders? roybristros • 2 min. Basically, each noun has been assigned to be masculine or feminine. These noun endings can tip you off that a noun is probably feminine. ThoughtCo, Apr. La doctora — the female doctor. We covered “o” above because it really requires its own section, but this is a good general rule of thumb. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. Add vacation to one of your lists below, or create a new one. El planeta — the planet, La foto — the photo Something like… ZAD? A lot of them are identical or almost identical to words you already know in English! Let’s start with something simple: the word for “gender” in Spanish is género, and our two genders are femenino (“feminine” ) and masculino (“masculine” ). Misspelling the word in a way that doesn't change the pronunciation shouldn't be counted wrong. Este semestre está bien pesado. Because there are…a lot. An o ending can indicate that a person or animal is male or that an object, idea, etc. Masculine and Feminine Spanish Nouns: The A-Z Guide to Gender ... - FluentU ThoughtCo. The gender of nouns in Spanish is part of a noun’s identity. Thus foreign nouns that end in -a sometimes become feminine, as do some words related in meaning to a Spanish feminine word. And it’s true that there’s no logical way to divide the world into masculine and feminine. Download as a PDF Learn all about the Spanish gender roles below - Feminine (la) vs Masculine (el). Erichsen, Gerald. But hey, if it makes you feel better, at least Spanish isn’t like German, which has three genders, or like Polish, which has a few more than that. Names of mountains are usually masculine, because el monte (mountain) is masculine. In Spanish, the seasons are almost always preceded by a definite article: either la (feminine "the") or el (masculine "the"). Erichsen, Gerald. This is the most common type of adjective. Just saying. La soldado — the female soldier, El modelo — the male model https://lingualinkup.com/el-la-spanish/. ¿Recuerdas aquella vez que estuvimos de vacaciones en Vermont? The letters of the alphabet are feminine: la a, la be, la ce, la de, etc. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, British and American pronunciations with audio. SpanishPod101.com Jon110926. While most nouns refer to objects and concepts that don’t have gender, there are also the nouns that do. There are some exceptions to Spanish gender rules for adjectives ending in consonants, which are the following endings: -or, -ón, -ol, -án, -ín, and -és. A lot of nouns that end in -ma, -pa, and -ta are masculine because they are Greek in origin. . © 2023 Enux Education Limited. Get started . And if there’s another word between the definite article (el/la) and the noun, we use the feminine article: La extensa área / La imponente aula / La hermosa águila. When using demonstrative pronouns (esta, esa, aquella) with these words, they stay feminine. Such respite can allow the care provider to get away for a much-needed. This is because different varieties of the... Learning a language, whether in the classroom or on your own, is a rewarding and fun experience. Words that end in the following letters or letter combinations are often masculine: The table below shows examples of masculine words with the endings listed above. Masculine and Feminine in Spanish (el & la): The Rules & Their Many Exceptions. For example, the domain order for choosing the destination of a. 4 Answers. However, they don’t have their own gender like nouns. My parents spent the Easter holidays in Argentina. Exceptions to that rule are la crema and la yema, which come from French and Latin respectively. 1. Is That Noun Masculine or Feminine? Many nouns that refer to jobs or roles of people can be either masculine or feminine depending on the person they refer to. Thankfully, there aren’t that many, but we should still consider them. The most well-known rule or guideline is that nouns ending in -o are masculine and those ending in -a are feminine, but there are numerous exceptions to this gender rule, especially for those ending in -a. We can’t really explain why, other than the ending of these words. There are two types of articles in Spanish: definite and indefinite articles. Whether it’s a good idea to split the world into two genders is a subject for a different article, but for now we’ll go through the various kinds of nouns that switch genders. Following are some other guides to gender determination. Among the abundance of words that fit that category are: Also not included in the top list are combinations such as el agua (water) and el águila (eagle)—feminine words that begin with a stressed a- or ha- and are immediately preceded by el (rather than la) in the singular form only. Professions also refer to people, but are kind of their own subset. The standard rules are here on the top of the page, but you shouldn’t trust them fully. You’re more likely to hear el gato when someone is talking about a generic cat, for example. Both are fem. Some male-associated nouns are feminine and vice versa, 4. I hope you have enjoyed this article about masculine and feminine in Spanish! If a word ends with these three letters, you can be almost certain it’s a feminine noun. However, we’re going to be mostly focusing on the gender of Spanish nouns, and will help you a little bit with adjectives and articles. Spanish has three sets of demonstrative adjectives, each of which has four different forms that vary by gender and number. What Are the Names for Body Parts in Spanish? . It was quite common to spend the summer vacations at the parents' place, helping them with household tasks. For example: Yo tengo el perro (I have the dog) → Yo lo tengo (I have it). Have you tried it yet? ), but they do make sense to us and it would sound really funny if someone didn’t use them right. Look up the words and see how many you got right and what rules you recognize. Privacy Policy and vacation translations: vacaciones, vacaciones, pasar las vacaciones, vacaciones [feminine, plural], vacaciones [feminine…. Gender for Names of Occupations and Other Roles. An exception is that the Rockies are usually referred to as las Rocosas or las Montañas Rocosas. Spanish nouns that end with -o are masculine, and ones that end with -a are feminine, right? Even if the nouns are in singular! They’ll just come to you. Click here to get a copy. As we’ve mentioned, nouns dictate the gender of everything that surrounds them, so we need to know what gender a noun is before we know what article or adjective we want to use next to it. And since we are here, this is one of my favorite songs in Spanish! "Spanish Words That Break the Gender Rule." And it's true that there's no logical way to divide the world into masculine and feminine. Words that are shortened versions of other words. ago. SpanishDict is the world's most popular Spanish-English dictionary, translation, and learning website. How to Make a Good Guess on the Gender of a Word, How SpanishPod101.com Can Help You Learn More Spanish, list of the 50 most common nouns in Mexican Spanish, How to Say I Love You in Spanish – Romantic Word List, Top 4 Ways That Peninsular Spanish And Mexican Spanish Are Different, Advanced Spanish Phrases for Studying and Working, Intermediate Spanish Phrases for Everyday Conversations, How to Celebrate April Fools’ Day in Spanish. Spanish. Todavía me quedan días de vacaciones antes de que termine el año. masculine (a) hot. You can’t apply it to plural nouns or that would mean that every word would be masculine. Download: In this article, we mostly talked about nouns, but we’ve also mentioned articles and adjectives, so this could be a good time to read about adverbs too. But then you find out that it’s la foto, not el foto. Erichsen, Gerald. This does not mean that the importance of gender disappears. Whenever an adjective ends in -o in its masculine form, it has a masculine and a feminine form. When you first start learning Spanish, grammatical gender can seem arbitrary and confusing. All rights reserved. You could also use an online immersion program. 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">. La psiquiatra — the female psychiatrist. “I have four dogs: two males and two females.”. But while we use gendered pronouns for people (for example él (he) and ella (she)), grammatical gender doesn’t use pronouns. Spanish mostly comes from Latin, which also has genders (three, actually), so a lot of these genders have just been passed on from Latin or other languages that have influenced Spanish over the centuries. (Translation of vacation from the Cambridge English-Spanish Dictionary © Cambridge University Press), (Translation of vacation from the GLOBAL English-Spanish Dictionary © 2020 K Dictionaries Ltd), a region of northern Europe that includes Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, On its last legs (Describing the condition of objects, Part 1), © Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023. If you want to learn more Spanish, subscribe to my newsletter for free! Here there are some examples: El cuento (tale) – La cuenta (account, sum). The masculine form is the one that appears on a dictionary. Below you’ll find a list of words and be able to find out for yourself if it is masculine (el) or feminine (la). Spanish is a gendered language, which means that all nouns—including inanimate objects—are either masculine or feminine. La modelo — the female model, El atleta — the male athlete An exception is la flor (flower). August 14, 2018. With these rules below, you'll know which to use with every word "el" or "la". You will notice that when adjectives modify such words, they are feminine: ¿El agua está fría o tibia? When learning a noun, it might be useful to learn it together with its corresponding article, especially when it’s not a typical word with an -o or -a ending. Let us know in the comments; we look forward to hearing from you! Un is masculine and Una is feminine. That’s easy; everyone knows these two genders. Gerald Erichsen is a Spanish language expert who has created Spanish lessons for ThoughtCo since 1998. Similarly, when talking about living creatures, nouns that end in “a” are feminine. I’m going to list them one by one, and also I will teach you what the exceptions are if there are any. Letters are feminine while numbers are masculine. Nouns that end in "o" are masculine. 2 More Examples. But of course, there are exceptions to this rule: una mano (“a hand” ), un mapa (“a map” ), un día (“a day” )…There are also words like moto and foto, which are feminine words but aren’t really exceptions, because they actually come from motocicleta (“motorbike” ) and fotografía (“photography” ) respectively. For example, the world cumpleaños, which means “birthday,” has the letter m. for masculine. Now let’s see how to know if a word is masculine or feminine in Spanish when talking about people and animals…. If the word does not change, the article is what tells you the gender. Animals With A Regular Masculine And Feminine Form. Masculine & Feminine in Spanish | Study.com You might also be interested in this list of adjectives that describe personalities. Take this Spanish language lesson and practice matching nouns with their definite article sidekicks: el, la, los, and las. Most have English cognates. Spanish Nouns That Are Sometimes Masculine, Sometimes Feminine, Gender, an Inherent Characteristic of Spanish Nouns, 10 Things You Should Know About Gender in Spanish, Substituting ‘El’ for ‘La’ for Spanish Feminine Nouns, Neither Masculine nor Feminine: Using the Neuter Gender in Spanish, A Guide to Using Definite Articles in Spanish, How To Make Spanish Nouns and Adjectives Plural. If you can’t wait, check out our list of the most useful Spanish pronouns. Nouns ending in an accented vowel are usually masculine. The second thing is that words that end in -a are most likely feminine. So give it a chance and you’ll see it’s not that difficult! A noun is a word referring to a person, animal, place, thing, feeling or idea (e.g. Todavía me quedan días de vacaciones antes de que termine el año. We can include el/la cineasta within this group. Words that end in -sión, -ción, -dad or -tad, -tud, or -umbre are always feminine words. Learn Gender in Spanish: Spanish Gender Rules - SpanishPod101.com Blog Learn summer-related Spanish words and phrases with this SpanishPod101 lesson and get the translations and bonus audio lessons. In Spanish, every noun has a. How To Learn Spanish in 18 Effective (and Interesting) Ways, Spanish for Beginners: Here’s Exactly What You Need To Learn, The Fascinating History of Spanish: A Concise Overview, 20 Best Apps to Learn Spanish of 2023 [Tested and Reviewed by Language Learners], 30+ Best Spanish Listening Resources for Improving Your Comprehension, The Complete Guide to Core Spanish Grammar Topics, 18 Useful Spanish Greetings for Spanish Learners, 26 Popular Spanish Idioms for Sounding Like a Native. Required fields are marked *. Read 250 words that are the same in English and Spanish and Spanish words that are similar to English words to boost your vocabulary right away! Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, British and American pronunciations with audio. As you can see, below that chart, you’ll then see the “el” & “la” exceptions for Spanish words. For example: Tengo cuatro perros: dos machos y dos hembras. Some male-associated nouns are feminine and vice versa. LinguaLinkup.com © 2023. It is normally used to talk about something within reaching distance of the speaker. For example, artista means “artist” and it refers to both men and women. Erichsen, Gerald. 1 comment. Instead, we use gendered articles for this. The default gender for foreign words adopted into the language is masculine, but a feminine gender is sometimes acquired if there's a reason for doing so. It allows you to... Once you’ve mastered the basics of a language, you’re ready to move on to the next level and start handling more... Do you often feel lonely and sad? It’s important to know the grammatical gender of a noun in Spanish because all of the elements referring to them (articles, adjectives, pronouns…) will agree in grammatical gender, too: There are some rules that you can follow when it comes to identifying masculine and feminine in Spanish.
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